Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a method of providing nutrition to a person intravenously, bypassing the digestive system. This means that instead of getting nutrients from food, the person receives nutrients directly into their bloodstream through a vein. TPN is typically used for people who are unable to get sufficient nutrients from food, either because they have a condition that prevents them from eating or digesting food properly, or because they are unable to absorb nutrients from the intestines. TPN solutions typically contain a mix of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals, and are carefully balanced to meet the person’s individual nutritional needs.

TPN is typically administered through a small tube inserted into a vein in the chest, arm, or leg. The solution is delivered through the tube over a period of several hours, often overnight. TPN is typically only used for a short period of time, until a person is able to eat and drink again on their own. It is a crucial form of support for individuals who have certain medical conditions that make it difficult for them to receive nutrition in other ways.